21 项研究、46847 人合起来算(荟萃分析):和吃药断断续续的人相比,按医嘱吃满的人同期死亡的可能性约低 44%。原值是比值比 0.56,95% CI 0.50–0.63(可信范围)。只看确有疗效的治疗,约低 45%(0.55,0.49–0.62)
原始出处
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备注
只给 B 级。两项研究都只看了癌症,是从登记数据里跟踪下来的,没有分组对照,选替代疗法的人在别的方面也可能不一样。高血压、糖尿病这类病停药的账,见第 1 条(药按医嘱吃满)。想试补充剂就先告诉主治医生。保健品要不要花钱买,见第 6 节第 10 条(保健品、膏方、滋补品)
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只给 B 级,因为「每年查一次」本身能不能让人少死,没有随机试验直接比过。少死的数字来自已经查出尿蛋白偏高、再吃药的人。收益量级因此凭判断定为中,没按死亡降幅套成大。一次结果偏高不算确诊,KDIGO 要求复查确认。高血压病人多久查一次,指南没写固定间隔,按医生说的来。吃什么药由医生定,别自己买。糖尿病要查的眼底和脚,见第 7 条(查一次眼底)。受益人主要是你自己。